Citation: | Victor Benno MEYER-ROCHOW. New observations - with older ones reviewed - on mass migrations in millipedes based on a recent outbreak on Hachijojima (Izu Islands) of the polydesmid diplopod (Chamberlinius hualienensis, Wang 1956): Nothing appears to make much sense. Zoological Research, 2015, 36(3): 119-132. |
[1] |
Anonymous. 2006[2006-10-11]. Tausendfüssler überrennen Vorarlberg - News. http: //www.20min.ch/print/story/16609580 (in German).
|
[2] |
Anonymous. 2010[2010-04-26]. Millipedes and centipedes in Atlanta. http: //www.callnorthwest.com/2010/04/millipedes-and-centipedes-in-atlanta/Anonymous. 2011. Tausendfüssler-Plage. http: //www.beobachter.ch/ wohnen/artikel/tausendfuessler-plage/_jede-nacht-krabbelten-tausendfuessler-die-waende-hoch/ (in German).
|
[3] |
Anonymous. 2013. Millipedes suspected in Clarkson train crash. Railway Digest (Australia), November 2013: 24.
|
[4] |
Baker GH. 1978. The distribution and dispersal of the introduced millipede Ommatoiulus moreletii (Diplopoda: Julidae) in Australia. Journal of Zoology (London), 185(1): 1-11.
|
[5] |
Baker GH.1985. Parasites of the millipede Ommatoiulus moreletii (Lucas) (Diplopoda: Iulidae) in Portugal, and their potential as biological control agents in Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology, 33(1): 23-32.
|
[6] |
Barlow CA. 1957. A factorial analysis of distribution in three species of diplopods. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 100: 349-426.
|
[7] |
Becker R. 1929. Beitrag zur Diplopodenfauna Lettlands. Folia Zoologica (Riga), 1: 10-50 (in German).
|
[8] |
Bedini C. 1970. The fine structure of the eye in Glomeris (Diplopoda). Monitore Zoologico Italiano (N.S.), 4(4): 201-219.
|
[9] |
Bellairs V, Bellairs R, Goel S. 1967. Studies on an Indian polydesmoid millipede Streptogonopus phipsoni, life cycle and swarming behaviour of the larvae. Journal of Zoology, 199(1): 31-50.
|
[10] |
Blanke A, Wesener T. 2014. Revival of forgotten characters and modern imaging techniques help to produce a robust phylogeny of the Diplopoda (Arthropoda, Myriapoda). - Arthropod Structure and Development, 43(1): 63-75.
|
[11] |
Bobkova M, Greve P, Meyer-Rochow VB, Martin G. 2003. Description of intracerebral ocelli in two species of North American crayfish: Orconectes limosus and Pacifastus leniusculus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Astacidea). Invertebrate Biology, 122: 158-165.
|
[12] |
Boccardo L, Penteado, CHS. 1995a. Preferencias termicas e respostas metabolicas em relacao a temperatura e ao tamanho em Gymnostreptus olivaceus Schubart, 1944 (Diplopoda, Spirostreptidae). Revista brasileira de biologia, 55 (3): 445-456 (in Portuguese with English summary).
|
[13] |
Boccardo L,Penteado CHS. 1995b. Locomotor and metabolic actoivities of Gymnostreptus olivaceus (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida) at different photoperiod conditions. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Pt A, 112(3-4): 611-617.
|
[14] |
Boccardo L, Jucá-Chagas R, Penteado CHS. 2002. Migration and population outbreaks of millipedes in the coffee plantations, region Altoparanaíba, MG, Brazil. Holos Environment, 2(2): 220-223.
|
[15] |
Boccardo L, Penteado CHS, Jucá-Chagas R. 1997. Swarming of millipedes, new case noticed in the district of Patrocinio, MG, Brazil. Journal of Advanced Zoology, 18(1): 62-63.
|
[16] |
Bowie JY. 1985. New species of rhigonematid and thelostomatid nematodes from indigenous New Zealand millipedes. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 12(4): 485-503.
|
[17] |
Brade-Birks SG. 1922. Notes on myriapoda, 27. Wandering millipeds. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (ser. 49), 9(9): 208-212.
|
[18] |
Brooks FE. 1919. A migratory army of millipeds. Journal of Economic Entomology, 12(6): 462-464.
|
[19] |
Byzov BA. 2006. Intestinal microbiota of millipedes. In: König H, Varma A. Intestinal Microorganisms of Termites and other Invertebrates. Berlin: Springer, 373-384.
|
[20] |
Ceuca T. 1984. Migra?iile la diplopode. Nymphaea (Oradea), 10: 237-242 (in Romanian with English summary).
|
[21] |
Cézally F, Perrot-Minnot MJ, Rigaud T. 2014. Cooperation and conflict in host manipulation: interactions among macro-parasites and micro-organisms. Frontiers in Microbiology, 5: 248.
|
[22] |
Chater A. 2004. A swarm of Cylindroiulus londinensis in Montgomeryshire. Bulletin of the British Myriapod and Isopod Group, 20: 51.
|
[23] |
Cloudsley-Thompson JL. 1949. The significance of migration in myriapods. Journal of Natural History Series 12, 2(24): 947-962.
|
[24] |
Cook OF. 1924. Swarming of desert millipeds. Science N.S., 60(1552): 294.
|
[25] |
?uri? BPM, Makarov SE. 1995. The occurrence of swarming in Megaphyllum unilineatum (C.L. Koch, 1838) (Diplopoda: Julidae), with observations on a case of pedal anomaly. Archives of Biological Sciences (Belgrade), 47(1-2): 67-70.
|
[26] |
David JF. 2012. First estimate of the intrinsic rate of increase of a millipede: Polydesmus angustus (Polydesmida: Polydesmidae) in a seasonal environment. Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 105(1): 90-96.
|
[27] |
Demange JM. 1960. Sur un important rassemblement de Schizophyllum sabulosum L. (Myriapode-Diplopode). Cahiers des Naturalistes du Bulletin National de Paris N.S., 16(4): 89-91 (in French).
|
[28] |
Dobson AP. 1988. The population biology of parasite-induced changes in host behavior. The Quarterly Reviews of Biology, 63(2): 139-165.
|
[29] |
Dziadosz C. 1966. Materia?y do znajomo?ci rozmieszczejnia krocinogów (Diplopoda) w Polsce. Fragmenta Faunistica (Warszawa), 13: 1-31 (in Polish).
|
[30] |
Ehrnsberger R. 2002. Massenauftreten und Wanderung des Diplopoden Ommatoiulus sabulosus in Westniedersachsen. Osnabrücker Naturwissenschaftliche Mitteilungen, 28: 199-203 (in German).
|
[31] |
Enghoff, H., Manno, N., Tchibozo, S., List, M., Schwarzinger, B., Schoefberger, W., Schwarzinger, & C., Paoletti, MG. (2014). Millipedes as food for humans: their nutritional and possible antimalarial value - A first report. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, ID 651768, doi: 10.1155/2014/651768.
|
[32] |
Esaki T. 1934. Diplopoda that disturb the movement of trains. Shokubutsu oyobi Dobutsu, 2: 821-833 (in Japanese).
|
[33] |
Fairhurst CP. 1970. Activity and wandering in Tachypodoiulus niger (Leach) and Schizophyllum sabulosum (L.). Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 41(S2): 61-66.
|
[34] |
Farfan MA, Klompen H. 2012. Phoretic mite associations of millipedes (Diplopoda, Julidae) in the northern Atlantic region (North America, Europe). International Journal of Myriapodology, 7: 62-91.
|
[35] |
Fontanetti CS, Calligaris IB, Souza TS. 2010. A millipede infestation of an urban area of the city of Campinas, Brazil and preliminary toxicity studies of insecticide bendiocarb to the Urostreptus atrobrunneus Pierozzi & Fontanetti, 2006. Arquivos do Instituto Biológico (São Paulo), 77(1): 165-166.
|
[36] |
Fujiyama S, Ishida T, Shah SK. 2012. Ecology of imigrated diplopoda, Chamberlinius hualienensis with special reference to that of Parafontaria laminata armigera. The Annals of Environmental Science of Shinshu University, 34: 110-116 (in Japanese).
|
[37] |
Graber V. 1880. Ueber das unicorneale Tracheaten- und speciell das Arachnoiden- und Myriapoden-Auge. Archiv für Mikroskopie und Anatomie, 17: 58-94 (in German).
|
[38] |
Grenacher H. 1880. Über die Augen einiger Myriapoden. Zugleich eine Entgegnung an V. Graber. Archiv für mikroskopische Anatomie und Entwicklungsmechanik, 18(1): 415-467 (in German).
|
[39] |
Grucmanova S, Holusa J. 2013. Nematodes associated with bark beetles, with focus on the genus Ips (Coleoptera; Scolytinae) in Central Europe. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 65(4): 547-556.
|
[40] |
Haacker U. 1968. Deskriptive, experimentelle und vergleichende Untersuchungen zur Autökologie rhein-mainischer Diplopoden. Oecologia, 1(1-2): 87-129 (in German with English summary).
|
[41] |
Hagiwara Y, Kuwabara Y. 2008. Outbreak of the train millipede on the northern slope of Mt. Fuji. Fujisan Kenkyu Report, 2: 21-24 (in Japanese).
|
[42] |
Hariyama T. 2000. The brain as a photoreceptor: intracerebral ocelli in then firefly. Naturwissenschaften, 87(7): 327-330.
|
[43] |
Heithier N, Melzer RR. 2005. The accessory lateral eye of a diplopod, Cylindroiulus truncorum (Silvestri, 1896) (Diplopoda: Julidae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 244(1): 73-78.
|
[44] |
Helb HW. 1975. Zum Massenauftreten des Schnurfüssers Schizophyllum sabulosum (Myriapoda: Diplopoda). Entomologia Germanica, 1(3-4): 376-381 (in German).
|
[45] |
Higa Y, Kishimoto T, Niijima K. 1992. Seasonal abundance of Yanbarutosakayasude in Okinawa. Okinawa Ken Kogai Eisei Kenkyujo Houkoku (Report of the Okinawa Prefectural Pollution Institute), 23: 72-76 (in Japanese).
|
[46] |
Hopkin SP, Read HJ. 1992. The Biology of Millipedes. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
|
[47] |
Jamault-Navarro C. 1992. Sur la présence d’une structure rhabdomérique localisée intracérébralement dans le protocérébron de Lithobius forficatus L. Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Medizinischen Vereins Innsbruck Supplement, 10: 81-86 (in French).
|
[48] |
Japanese Meteorological Agency. 2014. http: //www.data.jma.go.jp (in Japanese).
|
[49] |
Juberthie-Jupeau L. 1967. Existence d’organes neuraux intracérébraux chez les Glomeridia (Diplopodes) épigés et cavernicoles. Comptes Rendus hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences (Paris), 264: 89-92 (in French).
|
[50] |
Kania G, Tracz H. 2005. Mass occurrence and migration of Ommatoiulus sabulosus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diplopoda, Julida: Julidae) in Poland. Peckiana, 4: 57-66.
|
[51] |
Kania G, Klape? T. 2012. Seasonal activity of millipedes (Diplopoda) - their economic and medical significance. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 19(4): 649-650.
|
[52] |
Kaya HK, Gaugler R. 1993. Entomopathogenic nematodes. Annual Review of Entomology, 38: 181-206.
|
[53] |
Koch LE. 1985. Pincushion millipedes (Diplopoda: Polyxenida): their aggregations and identity in Western Australia. Western Australian Naturalist, 16(2-3): 30-32.
|
[54] |
Korsós Z. 1998. Ikerszelvényes-invázió magyarországon. Állattani Közlemények, 83: 53-65 (in Hungarian).
|
[55] |
Lawrence RF. 1952. Variation in the leg numbers of South African millipede Gymnonstreptus pyrrhocephalus C. Koch. Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series, 12: 1044-1051.
|
[56] |
Lewbart GA. 2006. Invertebrate Medicine. Chichester (U.K.): Wiley-Blackwell, 211.
|
[57] |
Lindgren LAH. 1942. Ett massuppträdande av en diplopod, Cylindroiulus teutonicus Pocock. Fauna och Flora Uppsala, 2: 79-81 (in Swedish).
|
[58] |
Malysheva SV, Van Luc P. 2012. Cattiena fansipanis n. sp. (Nematoda: n Rhigonematida: Carnoyidae) from a millipede (Myriapoda: Diplopoda: Spirobolida) in North Vietnam. Systematic Parasitology, 81: 135-146.
|
[59] |
Malysheva SV, Spiridonov SE. 2013. Ichthyocephaloides sumbatus n. sp. (Nematoda: Rhigonematoidea) from Indonesia and additional data on Xystrognathus phrissus Hunt, Pham Van Luc & Spiridonov, 2002. Nematology, 15(5): 575-588.
|
[60] |
McKillup SC, Allen PG, Skewes MA. 1988. The natural decline of an introduced species following its initial increase in abundance: an explanation for Ommatoiulus moreleti in Australia. Oecologia, 77(3): 339-342.
|
[61] |
Meidell B, Simonsen A. 1985. A mass occurrence of Cylindroiulus londinensis (Leach, 1815) in Norway. Fauna Norvegica B, 32(1): 47-48.
|
[62] |
Mesibov R. 2014[2015-01-16]. External anatomy of polydesmida. http: //www.polydesmida.info/polydesmida.
|
[63] |
Mitra TR. 1976. Millipedes entering houses. The Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 112: 44.
|
[64] |
Morse M. 1903. Unusual abundance of a myriapod, Parajulus pennsylvanicus (Brandt). Science N.S., 18(445): 59-60.
|
[65] |
Müller CHG, Sombke A, Rosenberg J. 2007. The fine structure of the eyes of some bristly millipedes (Penicillata, Diplopoda): Additional support for the homology of mandibulate ommatidia. Arthropod Structure and Development, 36(4): 463-476.
|
[66] |
Niijima K. 1998. Effects of outbreak of the train millipede Parafontaria laminata armigera Verhoeff (Diplopoda: Xystodesmidae) on litter decomposition in a natural beech forest in Central Japan. 1. Density and biomass of soil invertebrates. Ecological Research, 13(1): 41-53.
|
[67] |
Niijima K, Shinohara K. 1988. Outbreaks of the Parafontaria laminate group (Diplopoda: Xystodesmidae). Japanese Journal of Ecology, 38: 257-268 (in Japanese with English summary).
|
[68] |
Nilsson DE, Kelber A. 2007. A functional analysis of compound eye evolution. Arthropod Structure and Development, 36(4): 373-385.
|
[69] |
Noguchi S, Mori N, Higa H, Kuwahara Y. 1997. Identification of mandelonitrite as a major secretary compound of Chamberlinius hualienensis Wang (Polydesmidae, Paradoxosomatidae). Japanese Journal of Environmental Entomology and Zoology, 8: 208-214.
|
[70] |
Ohba N. 1997. Breeding of the firefly, Rhagophthalmus ohbai (Coleoptera: Rhagophthalmidae). Scientific Reports of Yokosuka City Museum, 45: 51-55.
|
[71] |
Ormerod EA. 1890. Manual of Injurious Insects with Methods of Prevention and Remedy for Their Attacks to Food Crops, Forest Tress, and Fruit, and with A Short Introduction to Entomology. London: WS Sonnenschein & Allen Publ., 150-151.
|
[72] |
Paszlavszky J. 1879. Massenhaftes Erscheinen von Tausendfüsslern. Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-königlichen zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien Jahrgang 1878, 28: 545-552 (in German).
|
[73] |
Perttunen V. 1953. Reactions of Diplopods to the Relative Humidity of the Air: Investigations on Orthomorpha gracilis, Julus terrestris and Schizophyllum sabulosum. Annales Societatis Zoologicae-Botanicæ Fennicæ Vanamo, 16(1): 1-69.
|
[74] |
vom Rath O. 1890. Ueber die Fortpflanzung der Diplopoden (Chilognathen). Berichte der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Freiburg, 5(1): 1-28 (in German).
|
[75] |
Robinson WH. 2005. Urban Insects and Arachnids. Cambridge (U.K.): Cambridge University Press, 424-426.
|
[76] |
Roff DA, Fairbairn DJ. 2007. The evolution and genetics of migration in insects. Bioscience, 57 (2): 155-164.
|
[77] |
Rosenberg J. 2009. Die Hundertfüsser - Chilopoda: die neue Brehm Bücherei Band 285. Hohenwassersleben (Germnany): Westarp Wissenschafts-Verlagsgesellschaft (in German).
|
[78] |
Sahli F. 1985. Périodomorphose et males intercalaires des diplopodes Julidae: une nouvelle terminologie. Bulletin Scientifique de Bourgogne, 38(1-2): 23-32 (in French).
|
[79] |
Sahli F. 1986. Modifications des caractères sexuels secondaires males et stérilisé des femelles sous l’influence d’un Gordius parasite chez le diplopode julide Ommatoiulus omeletti (Lucas) au Portugal. Bulletin Scientifique de Bourgogne, 39(2): 587-598 (in French).
|
[80] |
Sahli F. 1996. Déplacement en masse dans le sud-est de la France chez Ommatoiulus sabulosus (Myriapoda, Diplopoda, Julidae) avec invasions d’habitations. In: Geoffroy JJ, Mauries JP, Nguyen-Duy-Jacquemin M. Acta Myriapodologica. Paris: Mémoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 169: 373-384 (in French).
|
[81] |
Schmidt H. 1952. Nahrungswahl und Nahrungsverarbeitung bei Diplopoden (Tausendfüßlern). Mitteilungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereines für Steiermark, 81/82: 42- 66 (in German).
|
[82] |
Schulte F. 1989. The association between Rhabditis necromena Sudhaus and Schulte 1989 (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) and native and introduced millipedes in South Australia. Nematologica, 35(1): 82-89.
|
[83] |
Scott H. 1958a. Migrant millipedes and entering houses 1953-1957. The Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 94: 73-77.
|
[84] |
Scott H. 1958b. Migrant millipedes entering houses 1958. The Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine, 94: 252-256.
|
[85] |
Spreitzer A, Melzer RR. 2003. The nymphal eyes of Parabuthus transvaalicus Purcell, 1899 (Buthidae): an accessory lateral eye in a scorpion. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 242(2): 137-143.
|
[86] |
Stoja?owska W. 1968. Materiá?y do poznania krocinogów (Diplopoda) Wy?yny Lubelskiej. Folia Societatis Scientiarum Lublinensis B, 7/8: 83-93 (in Polish).
|
[87] |
Tajovský K. 1993. Diversity and structure of millipede communities (Diplopoda) in four different iotopes. Ekologia (Bratislava), 12(3): 277-283.
|
[88] |
Takaku Y, Suzuki H, Ohta I, Ishii D, Muranaka Y, Shimomura M, Hariyama T. 2013. A thin polymer membrane, nano-suit, enhancing survival across the continuum between air and high vacuum. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(19): 7631-7635.
|
[89] |
Thaler K. 1989. Kleintiere im Kulturland des Innsbrucker mittelgebirges. In: Köck L, Holaus K. 50 Jahre Landesanstalt für Pflanzenschutz und Samenprüfung. Rinn: Landesanstalt für Pflanzenschutz und Samenprüfung, 59-177 (in German).
|
[90] |
Thuringer JM. 1924. A note on migration of Myriapoda. Science N.S., 60(1543): 83.
|
[91] |
Tömösváry Ö. 1878. A százlábúak vándorlásához. Természettudományi Közlemények, 10: 365-366 (in Hungarian).
|
[92] |
Travassos PL, Kloss GR. 1961. Sur un curieux nématode de Robertia leiperi gen. et sp. nov., parasite de l’intestine postérieur de diplopode. Journal of Helminthology, 35(S1): 187-190 (in French).
|
[93] |
Upton SJ, Crawford CS, Hoffman RL. 1983. A new species of thelastomatid (Nematoda: Thelastomatidae) from the desert millipede, Orthoporus ornatus (Diplopoda, Spirostreptidae). Proceedings of the Helminthological Society (Washington), 50(1): 69-82.
|
[94] |
Verhoeff KW. 1900. Wandernde Doppelfüßler, Eisenbahnzüge hemmend. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 23: 465-473 (in German).
|
[95] |
Verhulst PF. 1845. Recherches mathématiques sur la loi d’accroissement de la population. Mémoires de l’Académie Royale des Sciences et Belles Lettres de Bruxelles, 18: 1-42 (in French).
|
[96] |
Viosca P Jr. 1925. Perambulating millipeds. Science N.S., 61(1566): 19-20.
|
[97] |
Voigtländer K. 2005. Mass occurrences and swarming behaviour of millipedes (Diplopoda: Julidae) in Eastern Germany. Peckiana, 4: 181-187.
|
[98] |
Voigtländer K. 2011. Preferences of common Central European millipeds for different biotopes (Myriapoda, Diplopoda) in Saxony-Anhalt (Germany). International Journal of Myriapodology, 6: 61-83.
|
[99] |
Wang YM. 1956. Records of myriapods on Formosa with description of new species (2). Quarterly Journal of the Taiwan Museum, 9(2): 155-159.
|
[100] |
Wesener T, Schütte K. 2010. Swarming behaviour and mass occurrences in the world’s largest giant pill-millipede species, Zoosphaerium neptunus, on Madagascar and its implication for conservation efforts (Diplopoda: Sphaerotheriida). Madagascar Conservation and Development, 5(2): 89-94.
|
[101] |
Wirth S. 2009. Necromenic life style of Histiostoma polypori (Acari: Histiostomatidae). Experimental and Applied Acariology, 49(4): 317-327.
|
[102] |
Yang X, Liu X, Xu X, Li Z, Li Y, Song D, Yu T, Zhu F. 2014. Gene expression profiling in winged and wingless cotton aphids, Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae). International Journal of Biological Sciences, 10(3): 257-267.
|
[103] |
Yatsenkowsky AV. 1924. The castration of Blastophagus of pines by roundworms and their effect of the activity and life phenomena of Ipidae. Publications of the Agriculture Institute of Western White Russia, 3: 1-19.
|
[104] |
Zimmermann K. 2013. Röns: St. Magnus und die Tausendfüssler. Dornbirn (Austria): Naturmonographie Jagdberggemeinden, 371-386 (in German).
|