Abstract: Phylogeny of the cyprinid subgenus Cyprinus (Mesocyprinus) is elucidated based on both external and osteological features.All five species of Cyprinus (Mesocyprinus) are including in the ingroup in addition to two Cyprinus (Cyprinus) species.Procypris merus was treated as outgroup in comparison.A total of 48 characters were identified as variable among ingroup and outgroup.Phylogenetic analysis was accomplished using Parsimony and Bootstrap methods with Branch-and-Bound search of PAUP*.There are 28 characters remaining useful after excluding unpolarized characters and autapomorphies of terminal taxa.Analysis of the characters resulted in one tree with a length of 69 steps,Consistency Index (CI) of 0.7246,CI excluding uninformative characters of 0.6122,and Retention Index (RI) of 0.6346.It is apparent that the Mesocyprinus group consisting of five species is a polyphyletic group.This result suggests that subgenus Cyprinus (Mesocyprinus) should be suspended.