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焦懿, 赵苹. 2000: 白蜡虫啮小蜂对白蜡虫花翅跳小蜂种群控制作用的研究. 动物学研究, 21(4).
引用本文: 焦懿, 赵苹. 2000: 白蜡虫啮小蜂对白蜡虫花翅跳小蜂种群控制作用的研究. 动物学研究, 21(4).
JIAO Yi, ZHAO Ping. 2000. The Effectiveness of Tetrastichus kodaikanalensis Saraswat on Population of Microterys ericeri Ishii. Zoological Research, 21(4).
Citation: JIAO Yi, ZHAO Ping. 2000. The Effectiveness of Tetrastichus kodaikanalensis Saraswat on Population of Microterys ericeri Ishii. Zoological Research, 21(4).

白蜡虫啮小蜂对白蜡虫花翅跳小蜂种群控制作用的研究

The Effectiveness of Tetrastichus kodaikanalensis Saraswat on Population of Microterys ericeri Ishii

  • 摘要: 研究了白蜡虫啮小蜂Tetrastichus kodaikanalensis Saraswat的室内饲养条件及 其对白蜡虫花翅跳小蜂Microterys ericeri Ishii的控制作用。研究结果表明,温度对白蜡虫啮小蜂存活率和产卵量有显著影响。18、21、24、27、30和33 ℃ 6个温度处理下,白蜡虫啮小蜂的世代存活率分别为1.84%、31.83%、80.39%、72.75%、48.08%和22.81%。30 ℃时每雌产卵量和产卵百分率最高,分别为13.21粒和84.84%。雄蜡虫体内的白蜡虫啮小蜂有3个羽化高峰期,分别为6月下旬、8月上-中旬和9月中-下旬;雌蜡虫体内白蜡虫小蜂的3个羽化高峰期为8月上-中旬、9月中-下旬和10月下旬-11月上旬。白蜡虫啮小蜂的第3个高峰种群数量最大,对白蜡虫花翅跳小蜂的重寄生率最高。第3、4代啮小蜂对寄生于雌雄蜡虫体内的白蜡虫花翅跳小蜂的重寄生率分别为雌蜡虫体内:48.78%和54.66%,雄蜡虫体内:56.66%和64.71%;第5代的重寄生率达76.00%;各代的重寄生率均为4龄幼虫>5龄幼虫>蛹。人工释放啮小蜂对白蜡虫花翅跳小蜂种群数量有显著的控制作用。每株女贞树放30头白蜡虫啮小蜂蛹1次或2次,白蜡产量分别为111.3 g和137.6 g,为对照的3.06倍和3.78倍。种虫产量分别为149.8 g和219.7 g,为对照的1.82倍和2.68倍。

     

    Abstract: The survival rate and oviposition number of Tetrastichus kodaikanalensis Saraswat are influenced by temperature noticeably.The generation survival rate is 1.84%,31.83%,80.39%,72.75%,48.08% and 22.81% at 18,21,24,27,30 and 33 ℃ respectively.They have the most oviposition number with the highest oviposition percentage at 30 ℃ (mean 13.21 ova with 84.84%),and the shortest oviposition days at 33 ℃ (mean 5.43 days).There are three peaks for the adults of T.kodaikanalensis in male white wax insect:the last ten days of June,the first-second ten days of August,and the second-last ten days of September.There are also three peaks in female white wax insect:the first-second ten days of August,the second-last ten days of September,and the last ten days of October-the first ten days of November.They have the most population number and the highest hyperparasitization on M.ericeri at the third peak.It is 47.78% and 54.66% respectively to the third and fourth generation hyperparasitization of T.kodaikanalensis on M.ericeri which is parasitized in female white wax insect,and 56.66% and 64.71% respectively in male white wax insect.It is 76.00% to the hyperparasitization of the fifth generation.The hyperparasitization of T.kodaikanalensis on M.ericeri is the fourth instar larvae>the fifth instar larvae>pupae.By putting pupae in the field,T.kodaikanalensis can control the population density of M.ericeri and increase the production of white wax and ovisac remarkably.Putting 30 pupae per host tree,the production of white wax is the control (36.4 g),once (111.3 g),twice (137.6 g);the production of ovisac is the control (82.1 g),once (149.8 g),twice (219.7 g).

     

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