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张洪海, 马建章. 1999: 紫貂冬季生境的偏好. 动物学研究, 20(5): 355-359.
引用本文: 张洪海, 马建章. 1999: 紫貂冬季生境的偏好. 动物学研究, 20(5): 355-359.
ZHANG Hong-hai, MA Jian-zhang. 1999. Habitat Preference of Sables in Winter. Zoological Research, 20(5): 355-359.
Citation: ZHANG Hong-hai, MA Jian-zhang. 1999. Habitat Preference of Sables in Winter. Zoological Research, 20(5): 355-359.

紫貂冬季生境的偏好

Habitat Preference of Sables in Winter

  • 摘要: 采用无线电跟踪技术和全球定位系统(GPS)对大兴安岭阿巴河流域紫貂(Martes zibellina)冬季的生境选择进行了研究。结果表明,紫貂偏好成熟林地和老龄林地。①紫貂冬季栖息地主要的优势树种是落叶松林(55.3%),对中等盖度的林地选择性强(71.6%),而避免开阔地带和特别高盖度地区。②主要栖息中、下坡位(83.6%),而对上坡位选择性不强(16.2%)。③对小树密度P=0.0003)、大树密度(P=0.0001)、乔木胸径(diameter of breast height,DBH)(P=0.00014)、倒木长度(P=0.0007)、倒木密度(P=0.0001)、倒木直径(P=0.0004)等有正选择性。其中对小树密度(SD=1.5)和倒木密度(SD=2)选择性最强。④对桦树胸径(DBH)、落叶松胸径(DBH)、优势灌木、坡向和灌丛盖度无选择性。⑤紫貂一般选择食物丰富度高的区域。根据上述结果,建议林业部门在采伐过程中,适当保留演替晚期林地和大径树木(>40cm),以保证紫貂对生境的需求。

     

    Abstract: The habitat preference of sables (Martes zibellina) in winter was studied by radiotracking and GPS (Global Positing System) in Daxinganling Mountains,China.The results showed that:1)Sables preferred forest attributes associated with late succession.In winter,sables selected the dominant trees were Larix gmelini (55.3%) and selected forest with intermediate to dense tree canopy (71.6%).2)Sables preferred for the middle of slope and slope bottoms (83.6%) and did not like ridgetops.3)Sables preferred high density of trees (P=0.0001) with bigger DBH (P=0.0014),longer logs (P=0.0007) and higher log density (P=0.0001) etc.4)Sables did not like larchs DBH,shrub canopy and slop aspect etc.5)Sables generally selected sites with high food abundance.According to the results,the forest with attributes associated with late succession stages and the trees with large DBH (>40 cm) should be preserved properly during selection cutting.

     

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