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童春富, 章飞军, 陆健健. 2007: 长江口海三棱藨草带生长季大型底栖动物群落变化特征. 动物学研究, 28(6): 640-646.
引用本文: 童春富, 章飞军, 陆健健. 2007: 长江口海三棱藨草带生长季大型底栖动物群落变化特征. 动物学研究, 28(6): 640-646.
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TONG Chun-fu, ZHANG Fei-jun, LU Jian-jian. 2007. Variation Characteristics of the Macrobenthic Fauna Community in the Scirpus mariqueter Zone of the Yangtze Estuary During the Growing Seasons. Zoological Research, 28(6): 640-646.
Citation: TONG Chun-fu, ZHANG Fei-jun, LU Jian-jian. 2007. Variation Characteristics of the Macrobenthic Fauna Community in the Scirpus mariqueter Zone of the Yangtze Estuary During the Growing Seasons. Zoological Research, 28(6): 640-646.
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长江口海三棱藨草带生长季大型底栖动物群落变化特征

Variation Characteristics of the Macrobenthic Fauna Community in the Scirpus mariqueter Zone of the Yangtze Estuary During the Growing Seasons

    摘要
  • 摘要: 2006年4—11月对长江口崇明东滩海三棱藨草（Scirpus mariqueter）带大型底栖动物群落进行了定位调查研究。每月1次采用样方法对大型底栖动物和植被进行同步取样；在鉴定、计数和生物量（干重）测定分析的基础上，进行了多样性测度以及聚类、排序等统计分析。研究结果表明，生长季内海三棱藨草带大型底栖动物的多度和生物量整体呈上升趋势，但是月间存在一定波动变化，9月份多度最高，平均为1 536 ind/m2，10月份生物量（干重）最高，平均为21.60 g/m2；不同月份优势类群组成、多度及生物量特征存在明显差异，瓣鳃类仅在部分时段表现出优势特征。物种数整体呈V字型变化特征，在8月份达到最低值。由于种间个体数量分布的变化滞后于整体物种数的变化，Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数的峰谷变化滞后于物种数变化，即物种数在5月份达到最低，而多样性及均匀度指数在6月份达到最小值。海三棱藨草带大型底栖动物群落的月间变化特征，在很大程度上是水文（包括水动力条件）以及植被等因素综合作用的结果，但在不同时期主导因子或者不同因子协同作用不同。它们的直接影响是导致底栖动物种类组成、多度变化，进而改变整体生物量和多样性特征。

     

    Abstract: An in situ study on the macrobenthic fauna community in Scirpus mariqueter zone of Chongming Dongtan in the Yangtze Estuary was carried out from April to October in 2006. The macrobenthic fauna and vegetation were sampled using a quadrat method synchronously every month，and samples were analysed in the laboratory，including species identification，individual count and biomass measure (Dry weight). Then biodiversity，cluster and multidimensional scaling analyses were carried out. The results proved that during the growing seasons，the abundance and the biomass of the macrobenthic fauna community in the Scirpus mariqueter zone had a trend of increasing，while there was still some fluctuation between different months. The abundance arrived at a peak of 1536 ind/m2 on average in September，and the biomass arrived at a peak level of 21.60 g/m2 (DW) on average in October. The composition，abundance and biomass of the dominant group had different characteristics in different months，the species of Lamellibranchia only had the dominant characteristics in some periods. The track of the species’ monthly variation had a similar shape to character V，and the low point arrived in August. Due to the temporal lag between the change in species number and the variation of individual number distribution among different species，the fluctuation of the Shannon-Wiener index value and Pielou evenness index value appeared to be a little later than that of the species number，regardless of whether it was a peak or low point. The species numbers had a low point in May，and the biodiversity indices got the lowest point in June. The synthesis of different factors including hydrological dynamics and the vegetation led to the monthly variation in the macrobenthic fauna community. And during different periods different factors had various impacts on the community. Usually they directly affected the species composition and abundance，which in turn changed the biodiversity and biomass characteristics of the community.

     

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