到刺鲃属鱼类的系统发育及其动物地理学研究
Phylogeny and zoogeography of the cyprinid genus Spinibarbus (Pisces:Cyprinidae)
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摘要: 倒刺鲃属（Spinibarbus）鱼类秉属于鲤鱼科的鲃亚科，共有5个有效种。应用分支系统学原理和方法，对该属鱼类的系统发育和地理分化进行了研究。在进行性状分析时，以四须鲃属（Barbodes）作为倒刺鲃属的类群，理由是它们的系统发育关系较近，而且四须鲃属较原始。分析结果表明，倒刺鲃属鱼类共有3个共同离征，表明该属鱼类为一个单源群。在19个外部形态和内部骨骼特征的基础上，构建了倒刺鲃属鱼类的系统发育分支图。姐妹群A(S.hollandi) 和B-E(s.sinensis+S.denticulatus+s.yunnanensis+s.polylepis)代表了倒刺鲃属内的第一次谱系分化。第二次谱系分化发生与姐妹群B（S.sinensis) 和C-E(S.denticulatus+S.yunnanensis +S.polylepis)之间;姐妹群B分布于长江水系,工程而姐妹群C-E则分布于珠江水系以南,包括海南岛;基于谱系分化和姐妹群的低落分布,推测此次谱系分化可能是由于云贵高原的抬升及同时发生的水系分流所致。第三次谱系分化则发生于姐妹群C（S.deticulatus) 和D-E(S.yunnanensis + S.polylepis)之间；姐妹群C分布于珠江和元江水系的低海拔地区，包括海南岛；姐妹群D-E则分布于云贵高原的男、北盘江；据此推测第三次谱系分化可能是云南高原和底海拔地区间的环境差异所致。Abstract: The cyprinid genus Spinibarbus consists of 5 species. They form into a monophyly by three synapomorphies.Based on 19 external and skeletal characters, the most parsimonious cladogram is constructed for Spinbarbus fishes. Sister groups A (S. hollandi) and B-E (S.sinensis+S.denticulatus+S.yunnanensis+S.polylepis) represent the first phyletic branching within the genus Spinbarbus. The phyletic division of second sister groups B(S.sinensis)and C-E(S.denticulatus+S.yunnanensis+S.polylepis) is pupposed to be resulted from the upheaval of Ynnan-Guizhou Plateau and the subsequent drainages' division. The phyletic division of third sister groups C(S.denticulatus) and D-E(S.yunanensis + S.polylepis) is supposed to be resulted from the environmental differentiation between Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the lowlands of middle and lower Pearl and Yuanjiang Rivers.
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