萼花臂尾轮虫多态性及形态型转化(英文)
Polymorphism and Morphotype Transformations in the Rotifer (Brachionus calyciflorus)(in English)
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摘要: 在实验室条件下研究了萼花臂尾轮虫3种形态型(双短侧棘刺、单短侧棘刺和无侧棘刺)个体之间的关系。从轮虫的培养水体中随机挑出若干3种形态型雌体的幼轮虫(龄长<24 h)，分别培养在正常培养液和晶囊轮虫培养液过滤液中。将实验轮虫的后代(F1代)置于200倍显微镜下检查其个体的形态型。实验结果表明，在正常培养液中，每种形态型轮虫个体都可以产生3种形态型的后代。当培养在晶囊轮虫培养液过滤液中时，这3种形态型轮虫的后代都具有2个显著增长的侧棘刺。此外，这3种形态型个体的轮虫能够共存于同一培养环境中，而且每种形态型个体的轮虫都具有3种生殖类型的雌体。由此推测萼花臂尾轮虫是一个由3种基础形态型个体组成的形态型轮虫复合体。Abstract: The relationship of three Brachionus calyciflorus morphotypes (two short-spined, single-spined and spineless ones) was studied in the laboratory. Newly hatched females of each morphotype were cultured individually in an inorganic or Asplanchna-conditioned mediums, and the morphotype of their offspring were checked at 200× magnification. Females of each morphotype, cultured in the inorganic medium, could produce offspring of these three morphotypes in a single generation. Females of all three morphotyes could respond to specific Asplanchna-substances when they were cultured in Asplanchna-conditioned medium. Moreover, we observed that these three morphotype females could coexist in the medium and had three types of egg-bearing females. Based on the above observations we suggest that B. calyciflorus was a morphotype complex and has three basic morphotypes.
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