四川省石渠县高山血雉繁殖初期的集群和生境需求及其相互关系
Correlation of Group and Habitat Requirement for Alpine Blood Pheasants in the Initial Mating Period in Shiqu, Sichuan
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摘要: 2004年4月，在四川省石渠县西南部，对高山血雉(Ithaginis cruentus)进行调查研究发现，该处的高山血雉仅分布于海拔3 400—3 700 m的范围内。从观察到的36群381只高山血雉来看，平均每群(10.67±5.17)只，最大集群19只，最经常的集群形式是每群8—16只。影响高山血雉生境需求的主要因子，按重要性大小排列依次为坡位、离水源距离、离公路距离、植被郁闭度、植被高度和坡向。高山血雉的生境偏好性表现在下坡位、离水源较远(＞100 m)、稀灌(15%—30%)、低灌(1.50—2.50 m)和半阴半阳坡。其中，集群大小与坡位和离水源距离相关，即在繁殖初期，高山血雉的集群大小变化趋势是随着坡位的升高而减小，随着离水源距离的减小而增大。这一现象产生的原因可能与在不同生境类型中食物资源的可用性相关。Abstract: During April of 2004, alpine blood pheasants (Ithaginis cruentus) were studied in the southwest Shiqu county of Sichuan province. The results show that the alpine blood pheasants are only distributed in the range of 3 400-3 700 m elevation. Among 36 groups and 381 individuals observed, the average group (±SD) has 10.67 (±5.17) individuals. The largest group had 19 individuals and the common group had 8-16 individuals. The main factors affecting the habitat requirements of alpine blood pheasants in the initial mating period, according to the priority sequence, are slope position, distance to water resource, distance to highway, overstory cover, vegetation height, and slope orientation. Alpine blood pheasants prefer lower slope position, farther away from water resource (＞100 m), sparse shrub (15%-30%), low shrub (1.50-2.50 m) and a half-gloomy-half-sunny slope, among which the slope position and the distance to water resource are correlated to group size. Group sizes in the alpine area decrease with increasing slope position and increase with the shortening of distance to water resource in the initial mating period. We suggest that the foregoing results are associated with their food resource available in different habitat types.
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