Abstract: This paper deals with the comparison on karyotypes between red goral (Naemorhedus cranbrooki) and goral (Naemorhedus goral griseus).Their chromosomes were studied by several banding techniques (G-,C- and Ag-staining).These results are given as below:(1) The diploid number of red goral (N.cranbrooki) is 56.All of the chromosomes are acrocentrics.The X is a large one,and the Y,the smallest.The goral (N.g.griseus) has a dipolid number of 2n=54.The karyotype are consisted of 26 pairs of acrocentrics and one pair of submetacentric.The X chromosome is also a large acrocentric,and the Y chromosome,the smallest acrocentric.Therefor,the existence of submetacentric elements makes the remarkable difference between the chromosomal structures of red goral and goral.But autosomal arm number (N.F) are all 54 for both gorals.(2) The G-banding patterns of the 3q in goral are similar to that of the No.3 in red goral,and the G-banding patterns of the 3p in goral are similar to that of the No.27 in red goral.Therefore,it is suggested that a Robertsonian translocation could have happened during the karyotype evolution of gorals.(3) The centromeric distribution of heterochromatin has been demonstrated in all chromosomes of red goral and goral,while the whole Y chromosome is C-band positive.The C-bands of chromosomes are also similar for both gorals.(4) Ag-NORs have been observed at the terminal of 3 pairs of acrocentrics in red goral and goral,which could be No.1,2 and 4 larger acrocentrics according to their size and morphology.These results suggest a close relationship between red goral (N.cranbrooki) and goral (N.g.griseus).