Abstract: Observation on inner surface of eggshell membrane,inner surface of shell of Japanese Crested Ibis,world unique kird,with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was firstly conducted.Microstructure showed:Eggshell membrane inner surface consisted of dense fibres with bud projections and crossed into nets.Shell inner surface consisted of mammillary cones and fibres,tangential section of mammillary cone look like flower.Shell outer surface was similar to that of calliformes showed crystal layers with crachs.ICP emission spectroscopy and atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry were used to make quantitative analysis on 26 inorganic elements of the eggshell comparisons of harmful elements were done between eggshells of two nests,and between soils of two nesting areas.We conclude that it is necessary to study "environmental factors" in Japanese Crested Ibis population protection in nature.