A new species of the genus Micryletta (Anura, Microhylidae) from Hainan Island, China
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摘要: 该文基于形态学及分子生物学证据描述采集自中国海南岛的姬蛙属一新种，其被命名为海南小姬蛙Micryletta immaculata sp. nov. 。新种与同属其它物种在形态上的区别在于：中等体型的小姬蛙属物种，雄性体长23.3–24.8 mm，雌性体长27.7–30.1 mm；生活时背部铜棕色至红棕色；体背及体侧无深色斑纹或条纹；体侧染银白色；成年雄性喉部深棕色；腹面无明显深色斑；无外蹠突；颞褶明显；趾间具蹼迹；后肢贴体前伸时胫跗关节达鼓膜。新种与同属其它物种在16S rRNA基因序列上分化明显，种间遗传距离为3.0%–7.7%。该文亦提供该新种的生物学资料以及成年雄性繁殖求偶鸣声的特征分析。依据IUCN物种红色名录濒危等级和标准，该研究认为新种海南小姬蛙属易危物种。Abstract: We report on a new amphibian species of the genus Micryletta from Hainan Island, China, based on morphological and molecular analyses. The new species, Micryletta immaculata sp. nov. , is diagnosed by a combination of the following morphological characters: medium-sized within genus (SVL 23.3–24.8 mm in males, n=3; 27.7–30.1 mm in females, n=2); dorsum bronze brown to reddish brown in life; dark brown spots and stripes on dorsum and flank absent; flanks largely pigmented with silver white; throat in adult males dark brown; undersides without dark patterns; outer metatarsal tubercle absent; supratympanic fold distinct; webbing between toes basal and poorly developed; tibiotarsal articulation adpressed limb reaching level of tympanum. The new species is divergent from all other congeners based on 16S rRNA gene sequences (3.0%–7.7%). Data on the natural history and male advertisement calls of the new species are provided. Following the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, we propose the new species to be listed as Vulnerable B1ab (iii).
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Key words:
- Acoustic characteristics /
- Microhylinae /
- Micryletta immaculata sp. nov. /
- mtDNA /
- Phylogenetic /
- Taxonomy
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Figure 1. Phylogenetic relationships and distribution of genus Micryletta and holotype of Micryletta immaculata sp. nov. (KFBG 14271) in life
A: Distribution of genus Micryletta (gray shading) and location of examined populations. For locality information see Supplementary Table S1. Dot in center of icon denotes type locality of a species; empty circle denotes locality not included in molecular analysis; star denotes type locality of Micryletta immaculata sp. nov. in Exianling Nature Reserve, Hainan, China. B: Majority-rule consensus tree from 1 000 ML bootstrap pseudoreplicates of Micryletta derived from analysis of 1 088 bp 16S rRNA sequences. Values at nodes correspond to ML BS/BPP, respectively; black circles represent nodes with ML BS and BPP support of >90 and 0.90, respectively; white circles represent nodes with ML BS>90 only or BPP>0.90 only; nodes lacking circles are unsupported. Values in brackets after specimen IDs correspond to locality numbers. C: Holotype of Micryletta immaculata sp. nov. (KFBG 14271), adult male, in life in dorsolateral view. D: Same specimen in ventral view. Photos by J.H. Yang, N.A. Poyarkov, P. Pawangkhanant, Chung-Wei You, and Eki Aprilia Resdiyanti Devung.
Table 1. Measurements (in mm) of type specimens of Micryletta immaculata sp. nov.
KFBG 14270 KFBG 14271 KFBG 14272 Mean±SD(n=3) KFBG 14105 KFBG 14106 Mean±SD(n=2) Locality EXL EXL EXL EXL JFL Sex Male Male Male Female Female SVL 23.3 24.5 24.8 24.20±0.65 27.7 30.1 28.90±1.70 HL 6.9 7.1 7.6 7.20±0.29 8.1 8.0 8.05±0.07 HW 7.5 7.7 7.9 7.70±0.16 9.2 8.5 8.85±0.49 SL 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.17±0.09 3.3 3.0 3.15±0.21 EL 2.7 3.0 3.1 2.93±0.17 3.3 3.5 3.40±0.14 N-EL 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.60±0.08 1.8 1.9 1.85±0.07 IND 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.97±0.05 2.1 2.3 2.20±0.14 IOD 3.0 2.8 – 2.90±0.10 3.4 3.5 3.45±0.07 UEW 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.70±0.00 1.8 1.7 1.75±0.07 TMP 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.13±0.05 1.2 1.3 1.25±0.07 FLL 16.4 17.1 17.9 17.13±0.61 20.2 21.6 20.90±0.99 LAHL 12.0 12.9 13.3 12.73±0.54 14.6 15.3 14.95±0.49 1FL 2.9 3.0 2.9 2.93±0.05 – 3.4 – HAL 6.6 6.8 6.9 6.77±0.12 – 7.9 – IPTL 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.47±0.05 0.4 0.5 0.45±0.07 MPTL 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.73±0.05 0.7 0.9 0.80±0.14 OPTL 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.87±0.05 0.8 1.0 0.90±0.14 HLL 38.6 38.6 39.8 39.00±0.57 43.7 46.3 45.00±1.84 TL 11.3 11.1 11.1 11.17±0.09 12.8 13.4 13.10±0.42 FL 12.7 12.3 12.2 12.40±0.22 13.8 14.6 14.20±0.57 IMTL 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.77±0.09 0.7 0.8 0.75±0.07 1TOEL 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.37±0.12 2.8 3.0 2.90±0.14 3FDW 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.60±0.08 0.5 0.7 0.60±0.14 4TDW 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.70±0.08 0.7 0.8 0.75±0.07 Abbreviations are defined in Supplementary Methods. EXL: Exianling Nature Reserve, Dongfang City, Hainan; JFL: Jianfengling National Forest Park, Ledong County, Hainan. –: Not available. 
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