同一生境中强脚树莺鸣声的个体差异及多样性
Variations in Songs of Brownish-flanked Bush-Warblers (Cettia fortipes) Within a Single Habitat
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摘要: 在杭州市郊小和山森林公园内约85 hm 2范围内，用SHARP-CE-15l型录音机(频响30—l4 000 Hz)和强指向麦克风(频响40—14 000 Hz)，对夏季繁殖期连续分布的同一生境中不同个体的强脚树莺(Cettia fortipes)的鸣声进行了记录，并通过计算机声谱分析系统从句型结构、音图结构、时域和频域特征及短时能量等方面进行了分析和比较，发现在同一生境一个小范围内同一种鸟就有6种不同类型的鸣声。这些鸣声的音调各不相同，鸣声的结构差异很大，大多声学参数之间也存在显著或极显著差异。形成这种鸣声多样性的原因可能是繁殖竞争在声行为上的体现。Abstract: Many studies have indicated that there are geographic or even microgeographic variations in songs of a single bird species. We investigated whether it is possible for song variations to exist in one species within a single habitat. From March to June in 2005, the songs of Brownish-flanked Bush-Warblers within one habitat of 85 ha in Xiaoheshan Forest Park in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province were recorded using a SHARP-CE-15l recorder (frequency response 30-l4 000 Hz) and super uni-directional electric condenser microphone (frequency response 40-14 000 Hz). The song phrase patterns and sonogram structures were compared, and the time domain, frequency domain and short-time energy have been analyzed using a computer sound spectrum analysis system. The results showed that Brownish-flanked Bush-Warblers sing six different songs within this small habitat. Those songs significantly varied in tone, structure and other acoustic features, which may imply breeding competition in Brownish-flanked Bush-Warblers.
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