Abstract: We observed the canalis cochlearis of 14 Tupaia belangeri chinensis (T.b.)which come from different populations,used the surface specimen technique counted the number of hair cell (HC) and measured the length of the canalis cochearis.Results are as follow:the canalis cochlearis is 13.41±0.48 mm lengths,have three and a half turns.The number of inner HC is 1455.64±50.07,108.58±2.81 per mm.The nature loss ratio is 0.10%.The number of outer HC is 5143.93±210.61,383.56±7.02 per mm;the loss ratio is 0.53%,in the first row is 0.46%,second row is 0.42%,third row is 0.72%.Conclusion:1.There are very different between T.b.and men,monkey,guinea-pig in the length of canalis cochlearis,the number of outer HC,inner HC and their nature loss ratios.2.According to the lower nature loss ratios of HC and the discarded part of apical end is 0.2 mm <0.5 mm,the intraspecies differences is small.It is worth developing to a new kind of experimental animal for oticphysiology,pathology and clinical study.