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郑蔚虹, 方媛媛, 姜雪华, 张国凯, 柳劲松. 2010: 白头鹎肝脏和肌肉冬夏两季的代谢产热特征比较. 动物学研究, 31(3): 319-327. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1141.2010.03319
引用本文: 郑蔚虹, 方媛媛, 姜雪华, 张国凯, 柳劲松. 2010: 白头鹎肝脏和肌肉冬夏两季的代谢产热特征比较. 动物学研究, 31(3): 319-327. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1141.2010.03319
ZHENG Wei-Hong, FANG Yuan-Yuan, JIANG Xue-Hua, ZHANG Guo-Kai, LIU Jin-Song. 2010: Comparison of Thermogenic Character of Liver and Muscle in Chinese Bulbul Pycnonotus sinensis Between Summer and Winter. Zoological Research, 31(3): 319-327. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1141.2010.03319
Citation: ZHENG Wei-Hong, FANG Yuan-Yuan, JIANG Xue-Hua, ZHANG Guo-Kai, LIU Jin-Song. 2010: Comparison of Thermogenic Character of Liver and Muscle in Chinese Bulbul Pycnonotus sinensis Between Summer and Winter. Zoological Research, 31(3): 319-327. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1141.2010.03319

白头鹎肝脏和肌肉冬夏两季的代谢产热特征比较

Comparison of Thermogenic Character of Liver and Muscle in Chinese Bulbul Pycnonotus sinensis Between Summer and Winter

  • 摘要: 动物能量代谢的生理生态特征与物种的分布和丰富度密切相关,基础代谢率(basal metabolic rate,BMR)是恒温动物维持正常生理机能的最小产热速率,是内温动物能量预算的重要组成部分。该文以白头鹎(Pycnonotus sinensis)为研究对象,分别在冬季和夏季测定了白头鹎的体重、BMR、肝脏和肌肉的线粒体蛋白质含量、线粒体呼吸及细胞色素C氧化酶(cytochrome c oxidase,COX)活力及血清中甲状腺素(T4)及三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)含量的变化,从细胞和酶学水平上解释白头鹎基础产热的季节适应规律。耗氧量采用封闭式流体压力呼吸测定仪测定,肝脏和肌肉的线粒体状态4呼吸及COX活力采用铂氧电极−溶氧仪测定。结果显示:白头鹎的体重和BMR冬季显著高于夏季;肝脏和肌肉的线粒体呼吸,以及肝脏和肌肉的COX活力冬季明显高于夏季;血清T3浓度冬季较高,夏季较低。这些结果表明:在野外自然条件下,肝脏和肌肉在细胞水平产热能力的提高和血清T3含量的增加是白头鹎BMR增加的细胞学机制之一,同时是白头鹎抵御冬季寒冷的一种重要方式。

     

    Abstract: Acclimatization to winter conditions is an essential prerequisite for survival of small passerines. Seasonal changes in a bird's physiology and behavior are considered to be part of an adaptive strategy for survival and reproductive success. Changes in photoperiod, ambient temperature and food availability trigger seasonal acclimatization in physiology and behavior of many birds. In the present study, seasonal adjustments in several physiological, hormonal, and biochemical markers were examined in wild-captured Chinese bulbuls (Pycnonotus sinensis) from the Zhejiang Province in China. Oxygen consumption was measured using the closed-circuit respirometer containing 3.6 L animal chambers. State-4 respiration in liver and muscle mitochondria was measured at 30℃ with a Clark electrode. The activities of cytochrome C oxidase (COX) in liver and muscle were measured polarographically at 30℃ using a Clark electrode. The protein content of mitochondria was determined by the Folin phenol method, with bovine serum albumin as standard. In winter sparrows had higher body mass and basal metabolic rate (BMR). The contents of mitochondrial protein in liver, and state-4 respiration and COX activity in liver and muscle increased significantly in winter. Circulating level of serum triiodothyronine (T3) was significantly higher in winter than in summer. Together, these data suggest that Chinese bulbuls mainly coped with cold by enhancing thermogenic capacities through increased activity of respiratory enzymes activities. The results support the view that prominent winter increases in BMR are manifestations of winter acclimatization in Chinese bulbuls and that seasonal variation in metabolism in bulbuls is similar to that in other small wintering birds.

     

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