摘要:
营巢对鸟类的生长繁殖有着重要影响。为此，从2007年3－9月在广东省肇庆江溪村对研究地中的黄腹山鹪莺（Prinia flaviventris）的巢进行标记和测量，并以巢址为中心做5 m×5 m样方调查，通过主成分分析研究其巢址选择，结果表明：1) 黄腹山鹪莺营巢时间始于3月中旬，4月达到高峰，至7月底结束；2) 在13种植物上发现44个巢，其中在象草（Pennisetum purpureum）上最多，有27个，其次为加拿大飞蓬（Erigeron canadensis），4个，其他植物皆为1—2个；3) 巢皆为不规则的球状巢，巢材除动植物性材料外，均有人工制品；巢内空间与巢整体大小较为一致；4) 影响巢址选择的主要因素4种，依次为：距最近水源距离（29.89%）、距最近道路距离（16.45%）、距最近灌木距离（12.92%）、距水面高度（11.69%）。据此认为黄腹山鹪莺的营巢是对草本植物环境的适应，而其尾羽的逆向变化对营巢是有利的，起到增加飞行灵活性和减少筑巢投资的效果。
Abstract:
Nesting has important effects upon birds’ growth and breeding. We studied nesting characteristics of Yellow-bellied Prinia by marking and measuring nests of study sites at Jiangxi village, Guangdong from March to September in 2007. For each active nest-site, we made a 5 m×5 m sampling plot with the center of each nest to sample habitat index, and then analyze nest-site selection using Principal-component analysis. The results showed that: 1) Yellow-bellied Prinia started nesting in the middle of March, reached its peak in April, and was completed by late July. 2) A total of 44 nests were found in 13 species of plants; 27 nests were built in Pennisetum purpureum, 4 in Erigeron canadensis and 1 or 2 in other species. 3) All nests were irregularly sphere-shaped, included artifactitious materials besides vegetation and creatural Materials. 4) Four factors were found to affect birds selecting their nest-sites: distance from the nearest water sources (29.89%), distance from the nearest road (16.45%), distance from the nearest bush (12.92%), and height above water surface (11.69%). Hence, we concluded that the pattern of nest building of Yellow-bellied Prinia was a way to adapt to their environment, and shorter tails could not only increase flexibility, but also reduce nesting investment.
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