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方谷, 陈婧, 潘汝亮, 齐晓光, 李保国. 2018: 雌性选择影响川金丝猴主雄替换. 动物学研究, 39(4): 266-271. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2018.035
引用本文: 方谷, 陈婧, 潘汝亮, 齐晓光, 李保国. 2018: 雌性选择影响川金丝猴主雄替换. 动物学研究, 39(4): 266-271. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2018.035
Gu Fang, Jing Chen, Ru-Liang Pan, Xiao-Guang Qi, Bao-Guo Li. 2018: Female choice impacts residential male takeover in golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana). Zoological Research, 39(4): 266-271. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2018.035
Citation: Gu Fang, Jing Chen, Ru-Liang Pan, Xiao-Guang Qi, Bao-Guo Li. 2018: Female choice impacts residential male takeover in golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana). Zoological Research, 39(4): 266-271. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2018.035

雌性选择影响川金丝猴主雄替换

Female choice impacts residential male takeover in golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana)

  • 摘要: 在一夫多妻制的灵长类中,一个雄性与多个雌性共同组成繁殖单元。在这种社会结构内,主雄的替代很大程度上影响着个体的繁殖成功率与繁殖策略。川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellana)呈现重层的社会结构,多个家庭单元组成的繁殖群与全雄群共同生活在一起。然而,对于川金丝猴主雄替代的机理与影响因素却鲜有研究。本研究以栖息于陕西秦岭地区的川金丝猴作为研究对象进行了五年的监测调查。通过对于雄性等级,繁殖率,联署关系(理毛,近距)等数据的分析,我们发现家庭单元在组建初期与瓦解前期更容易发生主雄替代。在23起案例中,新任主雄的打斗能力要弱于前任主雄;替换发生后,新任主雄在家庭内的等级明显下降。同时,雌性会在替换发生前三个月疏远前任主雄,减少交配频率。带有一岁以下婴儿的雌性对于替换发生时间有显著影响。这些结果表明雌性的性选择是影响川金丝猴主雄替换的主要原因,雄性间的打斗与社会地位并不是主要影响因素。

     

    Abstract: In primate species with social systems consisting of one-male breeding units (OMUs), resident male takeover represents a major challenge to individual reproductive success and mating strategies. The golden snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) is characterized by large multilevel societies (MLS) comprised of several OMUs and all-male units (AMUs); however, the factors and mechanisms associated with resident male takeover, which offer important insight into primate reproduction and social strategies, are still poorly understood. Based on 5-year monitoring data from a free-ranging herd of golden monkeys from the Qinling Mountains in China, we categorized three phases of an OMU, that is, a rising phase, developing phase, and declining phase. The rising and declining phases were unstable periods in which male takeover in an OMU might occur. Factors causing takeover, such as leader male rank, fighting ability, reproduction rate, and affiliation (proximity, allogrooming), were analyzed for males and females and for different OMUs. Results indicated that the new resident male’s fighting ability was lower than that of the former resident male in 23 cases. After replacement, the rank order of the new resident male significantly declined. Females involved in a takeover increased their distance from the resident male and decreased mating frequency during the three months prior to takeover. Females with infants under one-year-old had a marked effect on the specific time of takeover occurrence. These results suggested that female choice was the main factor deciding whether a takeover attempt was successful. Furthermore, rather than male conflict, females more often initiated and affected takeover and outcome, implying that the social status and competitive ability of the males played lesser roles during takeover.

     

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