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王春霞, 许昕, 李枢强. 2017: 弱蛛科小弱蛛属的整合分类及46个新种描述. 动物学研究, 38(6): 321-448. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2017.076
引用本文: 王春霞, 许昕, 李枢强. 2017: 弱蛛科小弱蛛属的整合分类及46个新种描述. 动物学研究, 38(6): 321-448. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2017.076
Chun-Xia Wang, Xin Xu, Shu-Qiang Li. 2017: Integrative taxonomy of Leptonetela spiders (Araneae, Leptonetidae), with descriptions of 46 new species. Zoological Research, 38(6): 321-448. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2017.076
Citation: Chun-Xia Wang, Xin Xu, Shu-Qiang Li. 2017: Integrative taxonomy of Leptonetela spiders (Araneae, Leptonetidae), with descriptions of 46 new species. Zoological Research, 38(6): 321-448. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2017.076

弱蛛科小弱蛛属的整合分类及46个新种描述

Integrative taxonomy of Leptonetela spiders (Araneae, Leptonetidae), with descriptions of 46 new species

  • 摘要: 洞穴中生存着很多形态相似的物种,使洞穴生物多样性被低估。DNA条形码利用一段短而标准化的DNA序列来鉴别和发现物种,部分解决了生物多样性研究中的难点。本研究利用DNA条形码对分布于欧亚大陆喀斯特洞穴内的小弱蛛属蜘蛛进行了分类研究,对624个样本的COI基因片段进行了分析。结果表明:DNA条形码能够有效开展小弱蛛属蜘蛛的物种鉴定,DNA barcoding gap和ABGD两种分析方法都得出与形态分类一致的结果,证明小弱蛛属90种蜘蛛的雄性触肢胫节刺和中突的形态在分类鉴定中的重要性。基于分子和形态学证据,本研究完成了90种小弱蛛的分类研究,记述了46新种;首次报道雌性Leptonetela zhai;首次发现Guineta和Sinoneta两个属是小弱蛛属的新异名。

     

    Abstract: Extreme environments, such as subterranean habitats, are suspected to be responsible for morphologically inseparable cryptic or sibling species and can bias biodiversity assessment. A DNA barcode is a short, standardized DNA sequence used for taxonomic purposes and has the potential to lessen the challenges presented by a biotic inventory. Here, we investigate the diversity of the genus Leptonetela Kratochví l, 1978 that is endemic to karst systems in Eurasia using DNA barcoding. We analyzed 624 specimens using one mitochondrial gene fragment (COI). The results show that DNA barcoding is an efficient and rapid species identification method in this genus. DNA barcoding gap and automatic barcode gap discovery (ABGD) analyses indicated the existence of 90 species, a result consistent with previous taxonomic hypotheses, and supported the existence of extreme male pedipalpal tibial spine and median apophysis polymorphism in Leptonetela species, with direct implications for the taxonomy of the group and its diversity. Based on the molecular and morphological evidence, we delimit and diagnose 90 Leptonetela species, including the type species Leptonetela kanellisi (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1971). Forty-six of them are previously undescribed. The female of Leptonetela zhai Wang&Li, 2011 is reported for the first time. Leptonetela tianxinensis (Tong&Li, 2008) comb. nov. is transferred from the genus Leptoneta Simon, 1872; the genus Guineta Lin&Li, 2010 syn. nov. is a junior synonym of Leptonetela; Leptonetela gigachela (Lin&Li, 2010) comb. nov. is transferred from Guineta. The genus Sinoneta Lin&Li, 2010 syn. nov. is a junior synonym of Leptonetela; Leptonetela notabilis (Lin&Li, 2010) comb. nov. and Leptonetela sexdigiti (Lin&Li, 2010) comb. nov. are transferred from Sinoneta; Leptonetela sanchahe Wang&Li nom. nov. is proposed as a replacement name for Sinoneta palmata (Chen et al., 2010) because Leptonetela palmata is preoccupied.

     

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