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Qing-Gang QIAO, Hong-Ji LIANG, Min-Lan BAI, Wei-Hong ZHENG, Jin-Song LIU. 2016: 温州地区小型雀形目留鸟与候鸟产热调节的种间差异. 动物学研究, 37(3): 167-175. DOI: 10.13918/j.issn.2095-8137.2016.3.167
引用本文: Qing-Gang QIAO, Hong-Ji LIANG, Min-Lan BAI, Wei-Hong ZHENG, Jin-Song LIU. 2016: 温州地区小型雀形目留鸟与候鸟产热调节的种间差异. 动物学研究, 37(3): 167-175. DOI: 10.13918/j.issn.2095-8137.2016.3.167
Qing-Gang QIAO, Hong-Ji LIANG, Min-Lan BAI, Wei-Hong ZHENG, Jin-Song LIU. 2016: Interspecific variation of thermoregulation between small migratory and resident passerines in Wenzhou. Zoological Research, 37(3): 167-175. DOI: 10.13918/j.issn.2095-8137.2016.3.167
Citation: Qing-Gang QIAO, Hong-Ji LIANG, Min-Lan BAI, Wei-Hong ZHENG, Jin-Song LIU. 2016: Interspecific variation of thermoregulation between small migratory and resident passerines in Wenzhou. Zoological Research, 37(3): 167-175. DOI: 10.13918/j.issn.2095-8137.2016.3.167

温州地区小型雀形目留鸟与候鸟产热调节的种间差异

Interspecific variation of thermoregulation between small migratory and resident passerines in Wenzhou

  • 摘要: 表型变化的是生理适应性调节的根本原因。基础代谢率(Basal metabolic rate, BMR)是代谢产热的最低值,在研究鸟类代谢适应性调节时受到广泛的关注。在本研究中,我们测定了温州地区蜡嘴雀,白腰文鸟和红头长尾山雀三种小型雀类的产热特点。代谢率用封闭式氧呼吸仪测定,动物呼吸室体积为3.5L。在测量代谢期间,我们用数字温度计通过泄殖腔测定了鸟的体温(Tb),并通过Tb和BMR计算得到最低热传导。当环境温度(Ta)变化时,蜡嘴雀基本能够维持Tb的恒定,但是白腰文鸟和红头长尾山雀的Tb发生了变化。在热中性区内,蜡嘴雀,白腰文鸟和红头长尾山雀的平均BMR分别为2.48±0.09 O2 (mL)/g/h、3.44±0.16 O2 (mL)/g/h和3.55±0.20 O2 (mL)/g/h;最低热传导分别为0.13±0.00、0.36±0.01,和0.37±0.01 O2 (mL)/g/h/℃。这些鸟类的生理生态特点总结为:(1)蜡嘴雀具有相对高的Tb和BMR,相对低的下临界温度(热中性温度)和最低热传导,而且代谢率对环境温度的变化表现出相对低的敏感性;(2)白腰文鸟和红头长尾山雀有相对高的热传导和下临界温度,相对低的BMR,这些特点可以更好的适应相对低代谢产热需求的温暖环境。总之,这些特点表明小型雀类中留鸟和候鸟具有不同的代谢产热调节特点。

     

    Abstract: Physiological adaptation arises from several fundamental sources of phenotypic variation. Most analyses of metabolic adaptation in birds have focused on the basal metabolic rate (BMR), the lower limit of avian metabolic heat production. In this study, we investigated thermoregulation in three passerine species; the yellow-billed grosbeak Eophona migratoria, white-rumped munia Lonchura striata and black-throated bushtit Aegithalos concinnus, in Wenzhou, China. Metabolic rate was measured using the closed-circuit respirometer containing 3.5 L animal chambers. Body temperature (Tb) was measured during metabolic measurements using a lubricated thermocouple. The minimum thermal conductance of these species was calculated by measuring their Tb and metabolic rates. The yellow-billed grosbeak remained largely normothermic, and the white-rumped munia and black-throated bushtit exhibited variable Tb at ambient temperatures (Ta). Mean metabolic rates within thermal neutral zone were 2.48±0.09 O2(mL)/g/h for yellow-billed grosbeaks, 3.44±0.16 O2(mL)/g/h for white-rumped munias, and 3.55±0.20 O2(mL)/g/h for black-throated bushtits, respectively. Minimum thermal conductance of yellow-billed grosbeak, white-rumped munia and black-throated bushtit were 0.13±0.00, 0.36±0.01, and 0.37±0.01 O2(mL)/g/h/℃, respectively. The ecophysiological characteristics of these species were:(1) the yellowbilled grosbeak had relatively high Tb and BMR, a low lower critical temperature and thermal conductance, and a metabolic rate that was relatively insensitive to variation in Ta; all of which are typical of cold adapted species and explain its broader geographic distribution; (2) the white-rumped munia and blackthroated bushtit had high thermal conductance, lower critical temperature, and relatively low BMR, all which are adapted to warm environments where there is little selection pressure for metabolic thermogenesis. Taken together, these data illustrate small migratory and resident passerines that exhibit the different characteristics of thermoregulation.

     

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