中国西北地区蚁属分类研究兼9新种和4新纪录种记述(膜翅目：蚁科：蚁亚科)

长有德; 贺达汉

中国西北地区蚁属分类研究兼9新种和4新纪录种记述(膜翅目：蚁科：蚁亚科)

Taxonomic Study of Genus Formica L.from Northwest China with Descriptions of Nine New Species and Four New Records (Hymenoptera:Formicidae:Formicinae)

摘要

摘要: 编制了采自中国西北地区蚁属26种工蚁的分种检索表，每一种均绘有特征图，并记述了其中的9新种和4新纪录种。9新种示差特征记述如下：①小眼凹唇蚁Formica miniocca sp.nov.与F.sanguineaLatreille接近，但本种并腹胸、附肢、腹柄结均为一致的鲜红色，头暗红色，额脊至复眼区域黑褐；复眼小，最大直径0.43-0.55mm；头、并腹胸柔毛短而稀疏。②光眼凹头蚁Formica liopthalmasp.nov.与F.longicepis Dlussky接近，但本种复眼无纤毛；腹柄端部1/3向前弯；头后半部黑色；体立毛十分稀疏。③粗壮蚁Formica robusta sp.nov.与F.candida F.Smith接近，但本种头黑色，并腹胸及附肢、腹柄结、腹部、触角柄节红色；体粗壮，前胸背板宽0.75-0.86 mm；复眼大，最大直径0.37-0.41 mm。④大柴旦黑蚁Formica dachaidanensissp.nov.与F.candida F.Smith接近，但本种腹部第1-2或1-3节背板后缘无立毛；腹部缺柔毛；上颚、触角柄节、红褐色。⑤光腹黑蚁Formica liogaster sp.nov.与F.andida F.Smith接近，但本种后第1-3节背板后缘无立毛；腹部缺柔毛；中胸背板直，起始部位明显高于前胸背板。⑥短柄节黑褐蚁Formica breviscapa sp.nov.与F.japonica Motschulsky接近，但本种并胸腹节斜面陡坡状，与基面呈100-105°钝角状交接；触角柄节短，触角柄节长×100/长81-106；并胸腹节具数根短粗立毛。⑦缺毛黑褐Formica asetasp.nov.与F.japonicaMotschulsky接近，但本种腹部1-3节背板立毛稀少，后缘一排立毛无或仅几根；触柄节短，触角柄节长×100/头长106-119；并腹胸、腹柄结显红褐色，腹部显褐色，但稍带红色。⑧毛柄草地蚁Formica villiscapasp.nov.与F.pratensis Retzius接近，但本种全体包括足、触角柄节、鞭节第1节具密集短立毛。⑨令哈蚁Formica delinghaensis sp.nov.与F.wongi Wu接近，但本种额三角区多柔毛，暗；触角柄节短，触角柄节长×100/头长89-100；体具光泽。4新纪录种为黑褐Formica gagates Latreille，1798；拟红蚁Formica subrufa Roger，1859；灰褐蚁Formica cinereaMayr，1853；仿蚁Formica imitans Ruzsky，1902。

Abstract: A key to 26 species of the ant genus Formica collected from Northwest China and 71 figures for workers of each species were provided,and nine new species and four new records were described in the present paper. 1 Formica miniocca sp.nov.Chang et He (Figs.2,3,47) This species is similar to F.sanguinea Latreiile,but the former alitrunk,legs and petiole node bright red;head dark red,area between frontal carinae and eyes brown;eyes smaller and much longer,maximum diameter 0.43-0.50 mm;pubescence on head and alitrunk short and sparse. Holotype worker,No.98-604,9-Ⅷ-1998,Pengyang,1 700 m,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,coll.CHANG You-de.Paratypes 3 workers,No.98-515,same colony as holotype. 2 Formica liopthalma sp.nov.Chang et He (Figs.13,14,51) This species is similar to F.longicepis Dlussky,but the former pubescence on both eye faces lacking;1/3 up part of petiole node bent forward;behind half part of head dorsum black;hairs very sparse. Holotype worker,No.99-096,18-Ⅴ-1999,Wuwei,3 400 m,Gansu Province,coll.CHANG You-de.Paratypes 7 workers,No.99-254;12 workers,No.99-005;4 workers,No.99-090,same as holotype. 3 Formica robusta sp.nov.Chang et He (Figs.18,19,54) This species is similar to F.candida F.Smith,but the former head back,alitrunk and legs,petiole node,gaster,antenna and scape reddish brown;body stout,pronotum width 0.75-0.86 mm;eyes larger,maximum diameter 0.37-0.41 mm. Holotype worker,No.98-109,8-Ⅸ-1998,Liupan Mountains,1 900 m,Jingyuan,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,coll.CHANG You-de.Paratypes 4 workers,No.99-606,same as holotype;2 workers,No.98-423,3-Ⅹ-1998;12 workers,No.98-099,2-Ⅹ-1998;7 workers,No.98-123,3-Ⅹ-1998;Longde,1 900 m,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,coll.CHANG You-de. 4 Formica dachaidanensis sp.nov.Chang et He (Figs.22,60) This species is similar to F.candida F.Smith,but the former hairs on posterior margin of 1-2 or 1-3 gastral tergites and pubescence on gaster lacking;mandibles,antenna scape and legs reddish brown. Holotype worker,No.99-207,15-Ⅵ-1999,Dachaidan,3 020 m,Qinghai Province,coll.CHANG You-de.Paratype 1 worker,No.99-248,same as holotype. 5 Formica liogaster sp.nov.Chang et He (Figs.11,12,59) This species is similar to F.candida F.Smith,but the former 1-3 gastral tergites with no hair and pubescence;mesonotum straight in profile,superior border significantly higher than pronotum. Holotype worker,No.99-152,22-Ⅵ-1999,Haiyuan,1 720 m,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,coll.CHANG You-de.Paratypes 8 workers,No.99-196,same as holotype. 6 Formica breviscapa sp.nov.Chang et He (Figs.23,24,63) This species is similar to F.japonica Motschulsky,but the former alitrunk declivity steep;epinotum in profile with 100-105 angle between the base and declivity;antennal scape shot,index of scape length with head length 81-106;alitrunk with several short and blunt erect hairs. Holotype worker,No.98-009,6-Ⅵ-1998,Helan Mountains,2 280 m,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,coll.CHANG You-de.Paratypes 3 workers,No.98-039,same as holotype;14 workers,No.98-077,2-Ⅹ-1998,Longde,1 900 m,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,coll.CHANG You-de. 7 Formica aseta sp.nov.Chang et He (Figs.20,21,62) This species is similar to F.japonica Motschulsky,but the former hairs on gaster very sparse and hairs on posterior margin of gastral tergites lacking;antennal scape short,index of scape length with head length 106-119;alitrunk petiole node reddish brown,gaster brown,but slightly reddish. Holotype worker,No.98-607,9-Ⅷ-1998,Pengyang,1 700 m,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,coll.CHANG You-de.Paratypes 4 workers,No.98-054,same as holotype;10 workers,No.98-338,27-Ⅷ-1998,Jishishan,2 100 m,Gansu Province,Coll.CHANG You-de. 8 Formica villiscapa sp.nov.Chang et He (Figs.27,28,65) This species is similar to F.pratensis Retzius,but the former whole body including antennal scape and first segment of funculus with dense acute short erect hairs. Holotype worker,No.99-100,20-Ⅵ-1999,Hezuo,3 100 m,Gansu Province,coll.CHANG You-de.Paratypes 4 workers,No.98-184;11 workers,No.99-103;5 workers,No.99-210,same as holoptype. 9 Formica delinghaensis sp.nov.Chang et He (Figs.31,32,55) This species is similar to F.wongi Wu,but the former antennal scapa short,index of scape length with head length 89-100;body bright. Holotype worker,No.99-252,15-Ⅵ-1999,Delingha,2 750 m,Qinghai Province,coll.CHANG You-de.Paratype 1 worker,No.99-221,same as holoptype.

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