Abstract: In this study,the karyotype of Japalura varcoae had been firstly reported.The examined materials are metaphases of the mitosis and meiosis from marrow cells and test tissue,which prepared by colchicine-hypotonic-air drying technique.The karyotype is 2n=12V+22m (V is used for metacentric chromosome of the macrochromosome,m for microchromosome),NF=46 (v have a value of 2,all microchromosomes,regardless of morphology,have a value of 1).The comparison with J.swinhonis and J.polygonata was made.The evolutinary process of karyotypes is discussed.It seems that,in this genus,the number of arms in the karyotype is ver conservative.Hence the Robertsonian translocation,accompanied by centric fusion,may play important role.In the later,the distributed and original center for this generic Lizards have been discussed with the karyotypical data.