Abstract: Karyotypical and banding pattern studies in the four species of monkeys belonging to genus Macaca have been investigated comparatively by a modified microculture method of peripheral blood cells and other related chromosome technique.In all four species,they have not only the same chromosome number of 2n=42,but also identical distribution of G-and C-bands.By measuring of the relative lengths and arm ratio,there also reveals no significant difference in the characteristics of the chromosome complements among the four species.So it shows that the coefficient of relationship among them is very close.