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兰思思, 张琴, 黄秦, 陈水华. 2013: 杭州城市环境中白头鹎的繁殖生态. 动物学研究, 34(3): 182-189. DOI: 10.11813/j.issn.0254-5853.2013.3.0182
引用本文: 兰思思, 张琴, 黄秦, 陈水华. 2013: 杭州城市环境中白头鹎的繁殖生态. 动物学研究, 34(3): 182-189. DOI: 10.11813/j.issn.0254-5853.2013.3.0182
Si-Si LAN, Qin ZHANG, Qin HUANG, Shui-Hua CHEN. 2013: Breeding ecology of Chinese Bulbul in the urban environment of Hangzhou, China. Zoological Research, 34(3): 182-189. DOI: 10.11813/j.issn.0254-5853.2013.3.0182
Citation: Si-Si LAN, Qin ZHANG, Qin HUANG, Shui-Hua CHEN. 2013: Breeding ecology of Chinese Bulbul in the urban environment of Hangzhou, China. Zoological Research, 34(3): 182-189. DOI: 10.11813/j.issn.0254-5853.2013.3.0182

杭州城市环境中白头鹎的繁殖生态

Breeding ecology of Chinese Bulbul in the urban environment of Hangzhou, China

  • 摘要: 白头鹎 (Pycnonotus sinensis) 是一种中国南方城市分布广泛、种群数量丰富的鸟类。其对环境变化和人类活动的适应能力已引起关注。2012年3—7月,在杭州城市环境下,对白头鹎的繁殖生态进行了系统调查,共记录到白头鹎繁殖鸟巢117巢。结果显示,在杭州市区,白头鹎主要在居民小区、行道树和绿化带的树冠层筑巢,主要营巢植物为桂树 (Osmanthus fragrans),占总数的84.6% (n=117)。所有繁殖巢距地面均高 (3.16±0.91) m (n=117)。3月底开始筑巢产卵,产卵高峰集中在4月11—25日。窝卵数为(3.37±0.48) 枚 (n=103),孵化期为 (11.34±1.12) d (n=32),育雏期为(11.85±1.12) d (n=47)。孵化率为68.3% (n=111),离巢率为52.1% (n=117),总繁殖成功率为34.7% (n=111)。繁殖失败原因主要包括卵及雏鸟被捕食、人为干扰等。

     

    Abstract: The Chinese Bulbul, Pycnonotus sinensis, is one of the most abundant and widely distributed birds of south China, settling even in dense urban areas. From March-July 2012, we surveyed the Chinese Bulbul in the urban environment of Hangzhou, China, to gain a clearer perspective on their breeding ecology. Totally, 117 nests were found, mainly on the trees of Osmanthus fragrans (84.6%, n=117) in residential areas,street tree strips, and green belt. Our results include several noteworthy observations: nest height from the ground was 3.16?0.91 m (n=117); egg-laying begins in early April with peak times from April 11-25; and the nesting period was 11.85?1.12 days (n=47). In terms of fertility and reproduction, we also observed that the average incubation period was 11.34?1.12 days (n=32); average clutch size was 3.37?0.48 eggs (n=103); hatching success 68.3%, fledging rate 52.1%, and the total breeding success 35.58% (n=117). The main causes of breeding failure included egg and fledgling predation, as well as human disturbance.

     

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