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沈中源, 俞丹, 高欣, 张富铁, 刘焕章. 2020: 基于2014世代幼鲟分析的中华鲟种群遗传多样性及个体繁殖策略研究. 动物学研究, 41(4): 423-430. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.011
引用本文: 沈中源, 俞丹, 高欣, 张富铁, 刘焕章. 2020: 基于2014世代幼鲟分析的中华鲟种群遗传多样性及个体繁殖策略研究. 动物学研究, 41(4): 423-430. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.011
Zhong-Yuan Shen, Dan Yu, Xin Gao, Fu-Tie Zhang, Huan-Zhang Liu. 2020: Genetic diversity and reproductive success of a wild population of Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) from the Yangtze River inferred from juveniles born in 2014. Zoological Research, 41(4): 423-430. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.011
Citation: Zhong-Yuan Shen, Dan Yu, Xin Gao, Fu-Tie Zhang, Huan-Zhang Liu. 2020: Genetic diversity and reproductive success of a wild population of Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) from the Yangtze River inferred from juveniles born in 2014. Zoological Research, 41(4): 423-430. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.011

基于2014世代幼鲟分析的中华鲟种群遗传多样性及个体繁殖策略研究

Genetic diversity and reproductive success of a wild population of Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) from the Yangtze River inferred from juveniles born in 2014

  • 摘要: 中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis Gray,1835)是一种大型的溯河洄游性鱼类,近年来其野生种群数量急剧下,降对该物种的生存造成了严重威胁。该研究以2014年出生的幼鲟为对象,利用微卫星标记(SSR)、线粒体(mtDNA)全基因组数据对野生中华鲟的种群遗传多样性和个体繁殖成功率进行了分析。结果表明,中华鲟mtDNA基因组序列在不同个体间存在由一个重复片段引起的长度多态性。中华鲟野生种群的遗传多样性较高,基于SSR的观测杂合度为0.728±0.211,期望杂合度为 0.779±0.122;基于mtDNA基因组数据的单倍型多样性为 0.876±0.0035,核苷酸多样性为 0.0011±0.0010。近交系数估算表明中华鲟繁殖群体可能存在近交(FIS: 0.066±0.143)。基于同胞关系重建发现,2014年共有11尾母本和11尾父本参与了当年的繁殖活动。推测的亲本繁殖成功率相对均匀(P=0.997>0.05),个体间繁殖成功差异不显著,而不是个体间差别显著的 “彩票中奖式” 繁殖策略。因此,在制定中华鲟保护对策时,不需要考虑因“彩票中奖式”繁殖策略所导致的低遗传多样性。建议对中华鲟的保护需要放流足够数量的可繁殖亲鱼,同时对产卵场的环境进行保护,以确保其能够成功繁殖。

     

    Abstract: The Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis Gray, 1835) is a large anadromous fish species, which is under considerable threat due to dramatic declines in population numbers. In the current study, population genetic diversity and individual reproductive success were assessed using nuclear microsatellite markers (simple sequence repeat, SSR) and complete mitochondrial (mtDNA) genome analysis of juveniles born in 2014. Results showed the existence of size polymorphism in the mtDNA genome of Chinese sturgeon, which was caused by a repeat motif. Population genetic diversity was high based on both SSR (Ho: 0.728±0.211; He: 0.779±0.122) and mtDNA genome analyses (H: 0.876±0.0035; Pi: 0.0011±0.0010). A positive inbreeding coefficient (FIS: 0.066±0.143) was also found, indicating the occurrence of inbreeding. Reconstruction of sibling groups identified 11 mothers and 11 fathers involved in reproduction of Chinese sturgeons in 2014. Variance in individual reproductive success was not significant, with reproductive success of parent fish instead shown to be relatively even (P=0.997>0.05), thus suggesting the absence of sweepstakes reproductive success (SRS). These results indicate that, in regard to conservation, loss of genetic diversity due to the effects of SRS is not of particular concern. However, we must focus on having an adequate number of adults and suitable environmental conditions to ensure that fish can reproduce.

     

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